
\begin{table}[t!]
\begin{center}
\begin{threeparttable}
\begin{scriptsize}
\caption{Estimation strategy: Pre-War comparability\label{EEREV-D-21-00004_TableC1}}
\begin{tabular*}{\columnwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\stretch{1}}}l*{8}{c}@{}}
\hline
\hline
&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(5)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(6)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(7)}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(8)} \\
       &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Occupation 1907} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Population 1936} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Religion 1936} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Language 1936}\\
       &\multicolumn{2}{c}{\citep{rosse1938elsass}} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{\citep{maitre1958aspects}} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{\citep{maitre1958aspects}} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{\citep{maitre1958aspects}}\\
\cmidrule(lr){2-3} \cmidrule(lr){4-5} \cmidrule(lr){6-7} \cmidrule(lr){8-9}
\multicolumn{1}{l}{\textit{Dep. Variable}} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Agriculture}  &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Industry}     &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Foreign} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Male}   &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Protestant} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Jewish}   &\multicolumn{1}{c}{French}   &\multicolumn{1}{c}{Dialect}   \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-9}
& \multicolumn{8}{c}{Panel A: Unconditional differences}\\
\hline
\\
Alsace dummy        &       1.803   &     --0.762   &     --4.204** &     --1.936** &      15.640***&       0.156   &    --19.204***&       3.958** \\
                    &     (5.519)   &     (6.187)   &     (1.866)   &     (0.755)   &     (4.543)   &     (0.190)   &     (5.823)   &     (1.521)   \\
\\
Mean dep. variable  &       43.93   &       35.48   &        2.98   &       50.06   &       13.77   &        0.93   &       13.69   &       11.62   \\
Observations        &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   \\
Clusters            &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   \\
\\
\cmidrule(lr){2-9}
& \multicolumn{8}{c}{Panel B: Conditional on geography and dialect}\\
\hline
\\
Alsace dummy        &       0.724   &     --0.180   &     --0.076   &     --1.664   &      48.531***&       0.236   &     --4.837   &     --1.856   \\
                    &     (7.724)   &     (5.515)   &     (1.725)   &     (1.606)   &    (10.050)   &     (0.229)   &     (4.980)   &     (1.722)   \\
\\
Mean dep. variable  &       43.93   &       35.48   &        2.98   &       50.06   &       13.77   &        0.93   &       13.69   &       11.62   \\
Observations        &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   &          92   \\
Clusters            &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   &          23   \\
\\
\cmidrule(lr){2-9}
& \multicolumn{8}{c}{Panel C: Conditional on geography and dialect (estimation sample)}\\
\hline
\\
Alsace dummy        &      10.408   &     --9.384   &     --0.671   &     --0.825   &      58.830***&       0.238   &     --6.573   &     --0.013   \\
                    &    (12.447)   &     (8.710)   &     (0.853)   &     (3.090)   &    (11.188)   &     (0.298)   &     (4.645)   &     (1.685)   \\
\\
Mean dep. variable  &       47.74   &       32.42   &        2.10   &       50.08   &       20.50   &        0.88   &       11.95   &       10.81   \\
Observations        &          31   &          31   &          31   &          31   &          31   &          31   &          31   &          31   \\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular*}
\end{scriptsize}
\begin{tablenotes}[normal,flushleft]
\begin{scriptsize}
\item \emph{Notes}:
Differences in pre-War occupation, population, religions, and language between Alsace and Moselle. 
The unit of observation is a 1936 canton. 
Panel A: Unconditional differences; 
Panel B: Differences conditional on geography and dialects; 
Panel C: Differences conditional on geography and dialects (estimation sample). 
Column (1): Share of the population occupied in agriculture in 1907; 
Column (2): Share of the population occupied in industry in 1907; 
Column (3): Share of foreign population in 1936; 
Column (4): Share of male population in 1936; 
Column (5): Share of population of protestant confession in 1936; 
Column (6): Share of population of jewish confession in 1936; 
Column (7): Share of french-speaking population in 1936; 
Column (8): Share of dialect-speaking population in 1936; 
Geography and dialects controls included in Panels B and C: 
access to waterways (binary), elevation (log mean, log std.dev.), distance to Germany (log km), 25km border segment fixed-effects, 
historical dialect fixed effects, and a quadratic polynomial in latitude and longitude ($ x+y+x^2+y^2+xy $). 
Standard errors clustered at the arrondissement level in parentheses in Panels A and B; 
robust standard errors in Panel C. 
* significant at 10\%; ** at 5\%; *** at 1\%. 
\end{scriptsize}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{center}
\end{table}
